Boot Camp - Shock Incarceration Programs are Useful :: Offenders Alternative Jail Prison

Boot Camp - Shock Incarceration Programs be UsefulIn the military, heraldic bearing mob represents an abrupt, often shocking transition to a hot way of life. Discipline is strict and there is an emphasis on hard work, physical training, and unquestioning obedience to authority. The new private is told when to sleep, when to get up and when to eat. He marches with his platoon everywhere he goes such as to meals and to training. Orders must be obeyed instantly and personal liberty is almost nonexistent. By the end of clap camp the new private has become a different person. Such was the hope for boot camp, or shock incarceration, programs in American prisons that young, nonviolent offenders could be deviate from a life outside the law using the same tactics successfully employed by the military to turn civilians into soldiers. This reliance on a military atmosphere still provokes controversy over boot camp programs, with proponents arguing that the rigid discipline promotes positi ve behavior. (Clear, 1997 Cowels, 1995)Since their beginning in 1983 in Georgia, boot camps have spread to half the States and have gained wide popular appeal for their get tough policies. Proponents of boot camps cite their potential for rehabilitating offenders and curbing future nefarious behavior. Opponents caution that more information is needed on a variety of issues including costs and the potential for abuse of power. Research into boot camps began with a 1988 study of Louisianas boot camp program and continued with a multi-site evaluation in 1989 (Cowels, 1995). Fueled primarily by growth in the number of offenders incarcerated during the past decade and ever-changing views of the role of punishment and treatment in the correctional system. Shock incarceration programs, or boot camps as they have been more recently called, have emerged as an increasingly popular alternative sanction for nonviolent crimes. Boot camp programs operate under a military-like routine wherein you ng offenders convicted of less serious, nonviolent crimes are confined for a short period of time, typically from 3 to 6 months (Parent, 1989). They are given close supervision while being exposed to a demanding regimen of strict discipline, physical training, drill, inspections, and physical labor. All the programs also incorporate some degree of military structure and discipline. They follow new strict rules that they are not use to which include the following (1) Basic training program inmates shall not enter the rooms of other inmates.

Essay On Evolution -- essays research papers

Essay on EvolutionThere are many mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. wiz of themost important mechanism in evolution is natural plectron which is thedifferential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting fromthe interaction of organisms with their environment. Natural selection occurswhen a environment makes a individual adapt to that certain environment byvariations that arise by mutation and factortic recombination. Also it favorscertain traits in a individual than other traits so that these favored traitswill be presented in the next generation. Another mechanism of evolution isgenetic swash. Genetic hustle is a random change in a small gene pool due tosampling errors in propagation of alleles or chance. Genetic drift dependsgreatly on the size of the gene pool. If the gene pool is large, the better itwill represent the gene pool of the previous generation. If it is small, itsgene pool may not be accurately represented in the next generation due tosampling error. Genetic drift usually occurs in small populations that inhibitless than 100 individuals, but in large populations drift may have nosignificant effect on the population. Another mechanism is gene flow which iswhen a population may gain or lose alleles by the migration of fertileindividuals between populations. This may cause the allele frequencies in a genepool to change and allow the organism to evolve. The most obvious mechanismwould ...

Shamanism Essay -- Spirit Shaman Shamanism Essays

shamanismTo truly understand the meaning of shamanism one must bring on the original definition. The invent shaman comes from the language of the Evenk, a small Tungus-speaking group of hunters and reindeer herders from Siberia. It was first used only to designate a religious specialist from this region. By the beginning of the 20th century it was already being applied to a variety of North America and South American practices from the present and the past. at once people grow gone as far as defining the word shaman as any human that acknowledges that he/she has had contact with ghostlike entities. Well at least the term still refers to human beings.The Siberian shamans soul is said to be able to leave the body and travel to separate parts of the cosmos, particularly to an upper world in the sky and a lower world underground. How can anyone know what the people of Mesoamerica were seeing if they in fact were even in these states of trance. A broader definition is that shamans would include any kind of person who is in control of his or her state of trance, even if this does not admit a soul journey. This broader definition stills does not include a culture that no one was around to document. Does anyone rattling know if these shamans controlled their state of trance? not to mention, there is no evidence of a written language of either the Olmec or West Mexican regions to date. These definitions of shamanism are very brief and really can not be upheld as a specific precise and accurate definition, however shamanism within these parameters has been widely accepted both in the early and late twentieth century, and into today.Shamanism due to its many definitions could be just about any being that can be observed practicing. Shamanism is not a single, unified religion but a cross-cultural form of religious sensibility and practice. It is a complex set of practices, beliefs, values and behaviors that change the practitioner to elect a shift from ordinary c onsciousness into a trance state with a specific goal in mind. Such as healing, obtaining information, power, vision, divination, contacting the spirit of the deceased, soul retrieval or guidance for right action. Shamanism is scattered and fragmented and should perhaps not be called an -ism at all. There is no doctrine, no world shamanic church, no holy book as a point of reference, no priests with... ...ght to be a part of some religions. Some have completely discredited the theory of Shamanism as a way of coping out in research. To completely convince readers of a theory, there should be a firm base to their argument and there is not one when it comes to shamanism in Ancient Mesoamerican cultures such as the Olmec and West Mexican cultures. (Hamayon, 1-5) The word shamanism has been thrown around a great deal these days, and attached to a variety of behaviors, sometimes with only a vague taking into custody of its meaning. Most people who study the existence of shamans have ver y little knowledge of what actual tribal shamans practiced in any given culture. A researcher or interested seeker, looking through all the widely varied literature, will notice both similarities and differences between anthropological descriptions of long-ago tribal shamans and similar iconography of Mesoamerica. Similarities could mean that there were rituals of a similar magnitude but it does not prove that they are all a part of a large web that stretches across the world. Confusion on the topic and its many interpretations cloud its origin and force a compromising stance on the very word shamanism.

Reason and Religion in Fulgens and Lucres Essay -- Fulgens Lucres

Reason and Religion in Fulgens and Lucres Seeing that the main purpose of college is to educate, perhaps the college administration might take a lesson from the sixteenth Century citizenry of England and host a fantastic dinner play in the fashion of Medwalls famous, Fulgens and Lucres. This interlude, small in cast members but big on Humanism, demanded that each viewer take an active role in the performance the play, though covering many morals and ideologies, focused on the everyday interaction among the two seemingly opposite poles of religion and reason. Though poising as mere dinner entertainment, Fulgens and Lucres served the goal of enlightening its audience toward the apex of the English metempsychosis - the need to unite reason and religion within the life of each and every person. Before one can ponder over the relationship between reason and religion, a person must first receive the proper education. As Sir Thomas Wyatt, Erasmus, and Sir Thomas More, the last being possibly an actor in this very play during his youth, claim throughout their works and letters, the key aspect to being a decent, contributing member of society rests in the pages of books, dwells within the classroom, and glitters on the lens of a telescope knowledge undeniably holds the key to developing a logical, autonomous human being. In his Book of the Governour, Wyatt developed his own possible action as to the proper raising of a young boy so he could someday attain to reach a position in the august court. Although, he ludicrously clamored for the importance of a nurses milk to the young infant and complete isolation from women during a boys studies, Wyatt declares, a tutor should be provided, (Wyatt 43) to the bo... ... Medwall raises the antey up a notch though, and proclaims that reason without religion will serve no justice. Reason, when kept in check by religious beliefs, will, just like Lucres and Gayus, make for the perfective tense marriage and will guide the educated person down the path of enlightenment and true knowledge. Works Cited and Consulted Baskerville, Charles R. 1927. Conventional Features of Medwalls Fulgens and Lucres. Modern Philology 24 419-42. Colley, J. S. 1975. Fulgens and Lucres Politics and Aesthetics. Zeitschrift fr Anglistik und Amerikanistik 23 322-30. Jones, Robert C. 1971. The Stage and the Real World in Medwalls Fulgens and Lucres. Modern Language Quarterly 32 131-42. Medwall, Henry. 1926. Fulgens & Lucres A Fifteenth-Century Secular Play. Edited by F. S. Boas and A. W. Reed. Oxford Clarendon Press.

Essay --

The movement toward legalization of ganja for medical purposes is based in part on the belief that the substance has beneficial medicinal effects. But there is a lot of debate on this subject. The debate over legalizing medical marijuana centers squarely on the definition of a memorandum I drug and whether cannabis should still be considered as such. The national prohibition of marijuana was enacted when the Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act in 1970. Marijuana was included in the Hallucinogenic Substances category as a Schedule I substance, so the sale, purchase, or consumption of marijuana became illegal. Thus the legal status of medical marijuana is determined by whether or not it has an accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. (U.S Food and Drug Administration, 2009) Public feel trends greater towards acceptance for the use of marijuana, while most politicians, including the president live to oppose the legalization of medical marijuana. While the White House and most politicians continue to oppose the use of marijuana, the vast majority of Americans (77%) believe that doctors should be allowed to prescribe marijuana for serious illnesses. However, full legalization of marijuana enjoys less public support, with a slight majority of Americans (52%) supporting it. Public support for marijuana legalization has grown in recent years, as most Americans no longer affect marijuana as a gateway to more dangerous drugs and most no longer see its use as immoral. Moreover, most Americans believe that the federal governments enforcement of its marijuana policies cost more than they are worth. (Thompson, 2013)Of the 50 states, nearly half of them have already established laws regarding medical ma... ... to six marijuana plants for him. My patient, who had quit using addictive substances after a near-death experience, is back to smoking marijuana daily, along with his caregiver. (Thompson, 2013)Critics of medical cannabis cite its high p otential for evil and the many studies showing its harmful effects on the brain they also object to the practice of smoking in general as carcinogenic. One repartee to this criticism has been to develop other methods of administering the drug. The most widespread of these is as inhaling it through a vaporizer, which extracts and heats the active constituents in marijuana without reaching the temperature at which they ignite so that no toxic compounds or irritants are generated. An adequate amount of THC is still delivered into the bloodstream by the vaporization method. (Debate.org, 2013) Being as it is a state-run form _or_ system of government now,

Kashmir Must Gain the Right of Self-determination Essay -- Argumentati

Kashmir Must Gain the Right of Self-DeterminationThe protracted conflict in Kashmir has continually undermined efforts to restore quietude and stability to the Indian subcontinent. This South Asian crisis must be resolved so that India and Pakistan can devote their resources and energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their people as espoused by the Simla check of 1972. The Simla dish out is the document that states both countries agreed to find peaceful solutions for the promotion of a friendly and harmonious relationship that will restore peace to the subcontinent. The Simla Accord of 1972, however, has not been effectively implemented as the wave of human rights violations committed by both sides has demonstrated over the last decade. Why should Kashmir be apt(p) their right of self-determination? First, the instrument of accession is illegitimate. Second, to stop the atrocities committed by both India and Pakistan that have prevented peaceful relations in So uth Asia.The need for India to spot the illegitimacy of the instrument of accession is the starting point toward bilateral and conciliatory discussions between India and Pakistan. This will create an environment in which both countries can deform toward establishing an independent Kashmir, the key to peaceful coexistence. Since India is crucial to the initiation of this process, an examination of the instrument of accession signed by the Maharaja Hari Singh and the Indian government on 26 October 1947 immediately follows. India must recognize the underlying weaknesses and the illegitimacy of the instrument of accession. The underlying weaknesses of the signing of the instrument of accession are clear and incontestable. First, the Maharaja l... ...ilitarize and restore peace and security to the Indian subcontinent as already agreed upon in the Simla Accord of 1972, and eventually both sides must work together to decentralize control of Kashmir and quit for the emergence of an ind ependent and sovereign Kashmir. A sovereign Kashmir, free of outside interests and influences, will sustain and maintain peaceful and harmonious relations on the Indian subcontinent. Works CitedPotter, Pitman B. The Principal Legal and Political Problems Involved in the Kashmir Case. American Journal of International Law, vol. 44, no.2, 1950. Rahman, Mushtaqur. Divided Kashmir Old Problems, New Opportunities for India, Pakistan, and the Kashmiri People. Lynne Rienner Publishers. Boulder, 1996. Thomas, Raju G.C. et al. Perspectives on Kashmir The Roots of Conflict in South Asia. Westview Press. Boulder, 1992.

Kashmir Must Gain the Right of Self-determination Essay -- Argumentati

Kashmir Must Gain the Right of Self-DeterminationThe protracted conflict in Kashmir has continually undermined efforts to restore peace and stability to the Indian subcontinent. This South Asiatic crisis essential be resolved so that India and Pakistan can devote their resources and energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their people as espoused by the Simla Accord of 1972. The Simla Accord is the muniment that states both countries agreed to find peaceful solutions for the promotion of a friendly and harmonious relationship that will restore peace to the subcontinent. The Simla Accord of 1972, however, has not been efficaciously implemented as the wave of human rights violations committed by both sides has demonstrated over the last decade. Why should Kashmir be granted their right of self-government? First, the instrumentate of accession is illegitimate. Second, to stop the atrocities committed by both India and Pakistan that have prevented peaceful relatio ns in South Asia.The need for India to recognize the illegitimacy of the instrument of accession is the starting point toward bilateral and conciliatory discussions between India and Pakistan. This will create an environment in which both countries can work toward establishing an self-directed Kashmir, the line to peaceful coexistence. Since India is crucial to the initiation of this process, an examination of the instrument of accession signed by the Maharaja Hari Singh and the Indian government on 26 October 1947 immediately follows. India must recognize the underlying weaknesses and the illegitimacy of the instrument of accession. The underlying weaknesses of the signing of the instrument of accession are clear and incontestable. First, the Maharaja l... ...ilitarize and restore peace and security to the Indian subcontinent as already agreed upon in the Simla Accord of 1972, and eventually both sides must work together to decentralize control of Kashmir and allow for the emerg ence of an independent and sovereign Kashmir. A sovereign Kashmir, free of outside interests and influences, will sustain and maintain peaceful and harmonious relations on the Indian subcontinent. Works CitedPotter, pitman B. The Principal Legal and Political Problems Involved in the Kashmir Case. American Journal of International Law, vol. 44, no.2, 1950. Rahman, Mushtaqur. Divided Kashmir Old Problems, New Opportunities for India, Pakistan, and the Kashmiri People. Lynne Rienner Publishers. Boulder, 1996. Thomas, Raju G.C. et al. Perspectives on Kashmir The Roots of infringe in South Asia. Westview Press. Boulder, 1992.

Marcus Brutus

Marcus Junius Brutus was the son of Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder and Servilia Caepionis. His father was killed by Pompey the Great in dubious circumstances later he had taken part in the rebellion of Lepidus his mother was the half-sister of Cato the Younger, and later became Julius Caesars mistress. 2 Some sources refer to the possibility of Caesar being his real father,3 but this is unlikely since Caesar was 15 at the time of Brutus birth. Brutus uncle, Quintus Servilius Caepio, adopted him when he was a young man and Brutus was known as Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus for an unknown period of time.Brutus held his uncle in high regard4 and his political locomote started when he became an assistant to Cato, during his governorship of Cyprus. 5 During this time, he enriched himself by lending money at high rates of interest. He returned to Rome a rich man, where he conjoin Claudia Pulchra. 6 From his first appearance in the Senate, Brutus aligned with the Optimates (the conserva tive faction) against the First Triumvirate of Marcus Licinius Crassus, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus and Gaius Julius Caesar. edit Senate careerWhen civil war broke come in in 49 BC amid Pompey and Caesar, Brutus followed his old enemy and present leader of the Optimates, Pompey. When the Battle of Pharsalus began, Caesar legitimate his officers to take him prisoner if he gave himself up voluntarily, and if he persisted in fighting against capture, to permit him alone and do him no violence. 7 subsequently the disaster of the battle of Pharsalus, Brutus wrote to Caesar with apologies and Caesar immediately forgave him. In his letter Brutus declared he was a strong supporter of state and continually pushed it throughout the letter. citation needed Caesar accepted him into his inner circle and made him governor of Gaul when he left for Africa in pursuit of Cato and Metellus Scipio. In 45 BC, Caesar nominated Brutus to serve as urban praetor for the following year. Also, in June 45 BC, Brutus divorced his wife and married his first cousin, Porcia Catonis, Catos daughter. 89According to Cicero the marriage caused a semi-scandal as Brutus failed to state a valid reason for his divorce from Claudia other than he wished to marry Porcia. 10 The marriage also caused a rift between Brutus and his mother, who resented the mettle Brutus had for Porcia. 11 edit Conspiracy to kill Caesar Main article Assassination of Julius Caesar Death of Caesar by Vincenzo Camuccini Around this time, many senators began to fear Caesars growing power following his appointment as dictator for life. 12 Brutus was persuaded into joining the conspiracy against Caesar by the other senators13. (In William Shakespeares play Julius Caesar, he also discovers messages written on the busts of his ancestors, which have been forged by Cassius to make Brutus step as if he were doing the right thing for Rome.This, however, may just be dramatic license on the part of Shakespeare. There is no real march that Cassius ever planted phony notes. ) Eventually, Brutus decided to move against Caesar after Caesars king-like behavior prompted him to take action. 14 15 His wife was the only woman privy to the plot. 1617 The conspirators planned to carry out their plot on the Ides of March (March 15) that same year. On that day, Caesar was delayed going to the Senate because his wife, Calpurnia Pisonis, tried to convince him not to go. 18 The conspirators feared the plot had been found out. 19 Brutus persisted, however, waiting for Caesar at the Senate, and allegedly still chose to remain even when a messenger brought him news that would otherwise have caused him to leave. 20 When Caesar finally did come to the Senate, they attacked him. Publius Servilius Casca was allegedly the first to attack Caesar with a turn somewhat to the shoulder, which Caesar blocked. 21 However, upon seeing Brutus was with the conspirators, he covered his face with his toga and resigned himself to his fate. 22 The conspirators attacked in such numbers that they even wounded one another.Brutus is said to have been wounded in the hand. 2324 edit After Caesars assassination Marcus Junius Brutus After the assassination, the Senate passed an amnesty on the assassins. This amnesty was proposed by Caesars friend and co-consul Marcus Antonius. Nonetheless, uproar among the population caused Brutus and the conspirators to leave Rome. Brutus settled in Crete from 44 to 42 BC. citation needed In 43 BC, after Octavian received his consulship from the Roman Senate, one of his first actions was to have the people that had assassinated Julius Caesar declared murderers and enemies of the state. 25 Marcus Tullius Cicero, angry at Octavian, wrote a letter to Brutus explaining that the forces of Octavian and countenance Antony were divided. Antony had laid siege to the province of Gaul, where he wanted a governorship. In response to this siege, Octavian rallied his troops and fought a series of battles in whi ch Antony was defeated. 26Upon hearing that neither Antony nor Octavian had an force big enough to defend Rome, Brutus rallied his troops, which totaled about 17 legions. When Octavian heard that Brutus was on his way to Rome, he made peace with Antony. 27 Their armies, which together totaled about 19 legions, marched to meet Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus. The following battles are known as the Battle of Philippi. The First Battle of Philippi was fought on October 3, 42 BC, in which Brutus defeated Octavians forces, although Cassius was defeated by Antonys forces. The Second Battle of Philippi was fought on October 23, 42 BC and ended in Brutus defeat. After the defeat, he fled into the nearby hills with only about quartette legions. Knowing his army had been defeated and that he would be captured, Brutus connected suicide.Among his last words were, according to Plutarch, By all means must we fly not with our feet, however, but with our hands. Brutus also uttered the well-kn own verse calling down a curse upon Antony (Plutarch repeats this from the memoirs of Publius Volumnius) Forget not, Zeus, the author of these crimes (in the Dryden translation this passage is given as Punish, great Jove, the author of these ills). 28 Plutarch wrote that, according to Volumnius, Brutus repeated two verses, but Volumnius was only able to recall the one quoted.Antony, as a show of great respect, ordered Brutus body to be wrapped in Antonys most expensive purple mantle (this was later stolen and Antony had the thief executed). Brutus was cremated, and his ashes were sent to his mother, Servilia Caepionis. 29 His wife Porcia was reported to have committed suicide upon hearing of her husbands death, although, according to Plutarch (Brutus 53 para 2), there is some dispute as to whether this is the case Plutarch states that there is a letter in founding that was allegedly written by Brutus mourning the manner of her death.

Editorial Analysis Essay

We are all equal it is not birth but virtue alone that makes the difference. This perceptive quote from the famous French philosopher and historian Voltaire seems to accurately re certify the beliefs of the factions of American citizens pushing to allow women to fight in scrap positions within the US fortify Forces. Though the topic has just recently been boosted into the media and congressional politics, it has been long debated. A rather current editorial from USA Today titled Open scrap Positions to Women outlines the recent developments in the status of a much disputed and controversial issue facing the nation today. Though or sowhat less in-depth than some contend opinions, the USA Today article establishes credible and provoking arguments with specific evidence that incites some hesitation on behalf of the naysayers contradictory reports and dissents all the musical composition, creating a valid facsimile of the views offered by the supporters. In the article mentioned above, in that respect are many components to the argument and evidence arrangeed.As far as tone and stylistic approach, the author system very serious, stern, and unyielding throughout and presents the opposing viewpoint as clouded in fiction and removed from reality. Though the opposition isnt delineated as ignorant, the author is very firm in their opinions and believes that anyone who disagrees is simply in denial or has some personal stake that would negatively affect them if women were to go far into combat in the armed forces. In the beginning of the USA Today editorial, two specific examples of women who have placed their lives on the line or been hurt by act in extremely dangerous missions are given. The author appeals to the readers emotions with these examples and gives accurate evidence of women who already risk their lives but slangt receive recognition for it.Statistics are also presented that evaluate the many women who have lost their lives and been injured w hile serving in the armed forces and participating in missions whose main purpose wasnt direct combat on the ground. The author goes on to explain that while women are fighting and risking their lives on the battlefield, the giving medication refuses to acknowledge their sacrifices and give them equal rights to serve their country. Also in the beginning of the editorial, the author refers back to the two women who fought on the front lines. Those women as well as two other servicewomen filed suit in attempt to overturn the law established in 1994 which states as follows Rule Service members are eligible to be assigned to all positions for which they are qualified, except that women shall be excluded from assignment to units below the brigade level whose primary mission is to engage in direct combat on the ground, as defined below.Definition Direct ground combat is engaging an enemy on the ground with individual or crew served weapons, while being exposed to hostile fire and to a hi gh probability of direct physical contact with the hostile forces personnel. Direct combat take s place well forward on the battlefield while locating an closing with the enemy to defeat then by fire, maneuver or spite effect. The author goes on to state that, despite what happens in court with the lawsuit filed by the four servicewomen, the issue should never have to go to court in order to be acted upon. The author seems to think that it is simply a matter of logical thinking.Some other sustenance evidence in the editorial is the precedents use of a Gallup Pole to prove that Americans no longer oppose the idea of women on the front lines. Also specific quotes are utilize from a well-know male armor officer who attests to women already risking their lives in the line of fire but not being recognized for it because the government has contorted the laws and definitions. At the end of the editorial, the author goes into some details about the physical requirements for those servin g in combat positions, how the solution is mere(a), and how the armed forces should strive for equality and concludes that congress is fetching small steps in the right direction.From an analytical point of view, the editorial from USA Today immediately established credibility with the first evidence and supporting examples. at that place is an abundance of evidence for the short two-page window that the author has to offer it. The author doesnt use any jargon or political term meant to confuse or mislead the reader. Also, the author does a very satisfactory job of explaining the facts surrounding the argument without being biased or one-sided. Though there is room for much improvement, overall the editorial is a firm and testable argument and serves its purpose well.As in most any written argument, the author wants to present their opinions in the most positive and factual light. Usually only supporting evidence is given for the reader to comprehend and digest. This includes s pecific accounts with concurring viewpoints and validating examples. fleck the author will oftentimes address or evaluate the opposition, it would be counteractive to the whole foundation and motive of the argument to agree with, or present facts in favor of, the opposite side. The article previously discussed and critiqued mostly follows this schema. Though there are some hidden premises, the author does briefly address some of the opposing viewpoints. The editorial only very briefly mentions the opposing argument that a change in policy may cost lives but offers no retort to the claim.Also, the fact that some infantrymen would be unable to take orders from a female combat leader is brought up and the author offers a seemingly simple solution to this complex counterargument. The final recognition of opposing opinion by the author is in the statement claiming Many of the objections trotted out by opponents simply founding fathert hold up to scrutiny. Again, the author fails to pro ve this statement with in-depth evidence and goes on to only address one specific objection trotted out by opponents. The issue featured in the USA Today editorial Open Combat Jobs to Women is difficult to resolve for many possible reasons. First, there are no previous precedents in the situation of women in the armed forces that can help legislation to predict the possible gain or loss they will receive.There doesnt seem to be a way to calculate what the reaction will be to letting women serve in combat until legislation allows it. In reference to the lawsuit by the four servicewomen, the Supreme Court must also set a new precedent. As with any issue involving womens rights or equal rights in general, the Constitution is always brought into discussion. Problems encountered in our society that call for an interpretation of the Constitution are often met with an incredible amount of hesitation, computation and conflict among citizens, social groups, minorities and legislators.USA To days Editorial creates a valid representation of the supporting viewpoints for women in combat positions while also establishing credibility with provoking arguments that incite hesitation for opposition. To review somewhat, although the author does an adequate job in arguing their point, there is some room for improvement both structurally and logistically. However, from a readers point of view, the editorial has a reasonably strong argument that at least provokes the reader to question their current beliefs and views on the topic discussed.

Information Management in Corporate Strategy Essay

selective information technology (IT) management is an integral part of the general corporate strategies for many major companies. This is beca intent business expansion, development and growth help in making the company a brand all around the world. teaching technology brings with it efficiency, low labor costs, costs cutting, better productivity and higher profits. But for a business to rake in all the benefits it is important that the in effect(p) strategy is put into place. Information Technology is a huge field benefiting various parameters of a business, it is important to study and analyze policies before implementing them.One of the examples of the use of Information technology as a corporate strategy is Fedex Corporation. It started of as an express air delivery company in the 1970s later on going on to become a corporation of various smaller companies such as FedEx Services, FedEx Express, FedEx Freight, FedEx Ground, FedEx Supply Chain Services, FedEx Custom Critical F edEx Customer Information Systems, FedEx Kinkos and FedEx Trade Networks.According to FedEx (2003), the company integrated business processes such as operations, employee training, customer services to all clients and suppliers so that integrated information jackpot be available on the network. They launched their website www.FedEx.com in 1994, which helped in tracking on the package at any point of time. They gave away 100,000 PCs that were loaded with their software which helped in to link and log customers during ordering and tracking systems. They withal were one of the first to use hand help scanners which alerted customers when the package was picked up and delivered. In addition they too warehousing techniques, did inventory management, billing, invoicing and even distribution facilities.Netscape (1999) mentioned in the article that, FedEx used Netscape for furthering Information Technology in their intranet services. There were 30,000 employees that accessed the website o n various platforms. They company could also publish internal technology reports, personnel guidelines, tax forms, employee evaluations, and project-management documentation along with help desk abide applications and customer support applications for their customers and suppliers through their information systems.In 2004 FedEx had proclaimed that their new strategy for India that is an introduction of the FedEx Global Trade Manager (GTM) which is an online consultancy that will help in the paperwork for customs clearance for small and medium enterprises. This would help economize time and avoid delays of international shipments. The other technology was the FedEx Insight, which was the web tracking solution to track any incoming, outgoing and third-party payer shipments of customers without the tracking number (Express Computer, 2004).FedEx Investor dealing (2006), their main aim has been to enhance further IT related projects as well as technological architectural decisions, t o make use of IT as an effective support system for the all business objectives and strategies. They even have IT security to monitor quality and effectiveness. A periodical review is done to look into the IT accident recovery capabilities.FedEx has seen an ever growing clientele only because the IT strategy has been effectively used as a part of their Company Strategy. With this plan they have non only made their clients and suppliers happy but also their stakeholders and employees.ReferencesFedEx(2003). FedEx Competitive Advantage Through Information TechnologyRetrieved as on 26 February 2008 fromhttp//www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/ line of descent%20Strategy3/BSTA063.htmNetscape (1999). Federal express intranet delivers information enterprisewide.Retrieved as on 26 February 2008 fromhttp//wp.netscape.com/comprod/at_work/customer_profiles/FedEx.htmlExpress Computer (2004). FedEx announces technology strategy for India. CIRCUIT EC / Bangalore. Retrieved as on 26 Februa ry 2008 fromhttp//www.expresscomputeronline.com/20040614/indianews08.shtmlFedEx Investor Relations (2006). Information Technology Oversight CommitteeCharter. Retrieved as on 26 February 2008 fromhttp//ir.FedEx.com/documentdisplay.cfm?DocumentID=120

An Energy Conservation Mitigation Plan Environmental Sciences Essay

As we move into a youthful epoch of applied science and the spell human population of the planet, the demand to conserve cleverness has neer been greater and the hunt for alternate naught resources is a mustiness. The rate at which we ar instantly utilizing non-renewable resources much(prenominal)(prenominal) as oil and coal eitherow surely vouch that we will run out of these resources finally, and the issue of pollution goes glove in manus with our employment of these fossil fuels. Pollution threatens human wellness and amendss the surroundings and is the major ca intent of planetary heating. world(a) heating has the possible to badly impact conditions forms, humanitarian planetary temperatures and harm harvests, and this potentially threatens the universe s nutrient supply. We as worlds need to re-evaluate the manner we lend oneself pictorial resources and how we treat the environs. We have an copiousness of engineering at our disposal, and take down today we ar e happening clean, alternate free heftiness resources such(prenominal) as railway line current and solar power every part unspoiled as hydroelectrical susceptibility generated from hydro dikes. One thing is clear, we need a program, and as with any(prenominal) program it needs construction and engagement by communities and persons all doing an onrush together to conserve the qualification we do express, and happen and role alternate energy in the hereafter. Energy economy is portion of everyone s lives and the manner we ingestion our energy provide either be responsible or irresponsible, and for believably excessively many old ages we have been irresponsible in the manner we use non-renewable energy, and the manner we dispose of our waste. We evict no longer afford to be irresponsible about our use of goods and services of graphic resources nor can we implement these resources everlastingly without effect. spot alternate energy shows great promise, we need to al ter the manner we use our current energy resources now, stuffs such as oil, coal, natural gas and other resources such as wood from trees for edifice stuffs and paper merchandises need to be reduced, regulated, and whenever possible avoided wholly to guarantee the long-run sustainability of our energy resources and life as we know it. modify Factors to Environmental ProblemsThere are many issues that affect our environs, and some are caused by natural phenomenon that has non-living and life subscribers to the environmental jobs we see today. Inanimate factors are influences such as wildfires that destroy big countries of forest, volcanic eruptions which spew dozenss of ash and gases into the post, and drought which can earnestly archting out down and/or harm harvest outputs and persecute the dirt as good. These sorts of environmental events are considered inanimate factors that contribute to environmental jobs such as resource handiness, pollution, and nutrient supply. Populati ng factors are influences from populating biological beings that affect the environment straight normally as a consequence of the demand for endurance. The endurance of any living thing depends on available resources in the environment such as the type of flora that is present will find what animate beings can last at that place, and sometimes animate beings can consume an pastoral of flora so that other animate beings can non last at that place, and another illustration is when animate beings eat each other, and one becomes scarce bit the other thrives, ( marauder & A prey ) . Worlds are no exclusion, and history for most of the harm caused to the environment due to the demand for stuffs for energy and nutrient and H2O. We use trees to fabricate edifice stuffs and paper. We use fossil fuels to supply electricity for our places and gasolene for our autos, all of which pollute and deplete Earth s natural resources. We build metropoliss and suburban communities, all of which requir es the glade of disembark and the usage of energy resources and in making so the ecosystem s natural balance becomes affected. When we inhabit an country and construct metropoliss, it pollutes the environment and destroys the natural home ground of workss and animate beings doing the depletion of valuable resources for these living things, and perchance the extinction of works and carnal species to the point of losing them everlastingly.Worlds and the Natural EnvironmentHuman existences deally use more natural energy resources than any other living thing on Earth. We have modernized our universe, and in making so hold created a demand for natural resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas. The human population is turning and the demand for these resources has become even greater, and non-renewable energy is what powers our places and fuels our autos and consequences in business and H2O pollution in add-on to consuming the Earth of valuable minerals and fossil fuels. When we ma nufacture rough oil, we have to bore the Earth, destroy landscapes, and foul the air to polish it into other fuels. When we combust these fuels in our autos, CO2 pollutes the ambiance and contributes to planetary heating. When we harvest trees for edifice stuffs we strip 1000000s of estates of land from O bring forthing leaf which no uncertainty contributes to the lifting CO2 degrees in the Earth s ambiance when combined with other semisynthetic beginnings of CO2 emanations. Other environmental wearments include logging and excavation, and environmental incidents such as oil spills and improper disposal of risky waste and toxic stuffs merely add to the harm that humans cause to the environment in the chase of energy. Though human existences account for most of the negative effects on the environment every bit good as being the largest consumer of energy resources, we are wising up and recognizing that we need to alter the manner we treat our environment and utilize our current ener gy resources and happen alternate energy resources at the alike(p) clip. Some of the positive things that worlds are making to cut down energy usage and its impact on the environment is by modulating the usage of land for energy resource intents, protected land and animate being home grounds, required replanting of trees in logging countries, and the development of clean signifiers of energy like air current power every bit good as inventing programs to conserve energy and kerb ingestion of these resources on a community degree that encourage muckle to utilize energy resources responsibly. period Sustainability Strategies In the 1970 s, a figure of provinces began to necessitate local authoritiess to follow comprehensive programs that incorporated province ends, including the protection of air, H2O, seashore, and other natural resources . ( Daniels, 2003 ) . While this event was over 30 old ages ago, many province and local authoritiess have since adopted specific programs to con serve energy, started recycling plans, and encouraged citizens to utilize energy sagely by turning off visible radiations, and utilizing contraptions merely as needed finished community consciousness plans and treatments in community forums. Current energy resource sustainability methods presently in usage include the big graduated table usage of recycling in industry so that little new stuffs are needed to mass green goods goods. In many instances, re-using a stuff requires less energy than bring forthing it from natural stuffs . ( Newton, 2003 ) . Recycling is good on all degrees, but to integrate it on a industrial degree has a major positive impact on the usage of energy to bring forth goods because the sums of energy and natural stuffs being saved at this degree is so big, and this besides reduces pollution by necessitating less refinement of natural stuffs every bit good. Another manner that authorities is acquiring involved with energy preservation is with inducements to promote householders to do place betterments that save energy and cut down waste. Those who insulate their places might, for illustration, be given hard currency fillips by the local public-service corporation or a revenue enhancement tax write off by province or federal authorities . ( Newton, 2003 ) . Energy preservation is something that most people are cognizant of now, and with good ground. Global heating, pollution, menaces to human wellness and environmental harm are all good grounds to be painstaking of our environment and it is obvious that cut downing our energy usage will besides cut down pollution. By following sound patterns, and planning and developing new schemes to assert energy waste, we become responsible users of natural energy resources for many old ages to come, and that is what sustainability is all about.Reaching SustainabilityThe manner we use energy resources must be considered within the manner we live on an mundane footing. When we use land for develop ment, create new merchandises, and populate our mundane lives we have to be aware of what we use and how frequently it needs to be used. Homes and concerns use a sorting of energy resources from electricity and fuel oil, to natural gas and even wood. In topographic points that have cold and long winters these resources are in usage even more and ways to cut usage and cost have neer been more of import than they are right now. Significant economic addition can be achieved through the preservation and direction of energy, and every dollar saved by conserving energy can be spent on other things such as local investment by authorities and county functionaries, to the householder who can salvage money and profit the environment every bit good. Reducing the usage of energy resources besides reduces inauspicious effects on the environment such as H2O and air pollution. Cities and towns can take their ain steps to control energy usage in their ain communities by ordaining ordinances that r equire occupants to recycle, and by supplying inducements to insulate their places, cut down on uneconomical usage of electricity by turning off unnecessary contraptions, and turning the thermoregulator down a few grades to conserve electricity and natural gas. The designing of new edifices can be regulated so that they meet specific design criterions for insularity and energy usage such as warming and chilling systems. Renewable energy resources have many long term advantages over non renewable energy beginnings, and should be pursued whenever possible, and perchance even do it a demand that any edifice construction over 30,000 square pess in size must be supplemented with solar panels to provide at least 30 % of the electricity that powers the construction, this would drastically cut down energy ingestion and cost on a big graduated table when implemented statewide, and the initial investing for solar panels and instal would pay for itself in nest eggs in a few old ages. Cities f unctionaries can back up these drives to research and develop clean and renewable energy resources that will assist us to travel off from our entire dependance on non renewable energy resources. To accomplish this in a pictorial manner, a program must be in topographic point to supply guidelines and aims as to the expected result of an energy resource plan. The program I am suggesting involves community engagement and the meeting of demands by concerns, contractors, local and province functionaries, and the single citizen. The program contains the undermentioned pointsPlan Actions and Recommendations1. Building patterns must conform to energy demands that all new constructions are insulated with the highest rated value insularity commercially available.2. Promote the development of renewable energy resources in residential and commercial countries such as solar panels for places and concerns.3. Raise energy preservation consciousness in the community by providing information to th e populace about energy salvaging tips and stairss they can take to cut down their energy ingestion and cost by utilizing the least sum of energy from the most damaging of resources, such as electricity for illustration.4. The community takes practiced engagement in local recycling plans and will be penalized for neglecting to make so, such as expiration of waste remotion services and a gip of one-hundred dollars for each month they are non in conformity with the new regulation.5. Land use will be regulated, and any new land that has been allocated for development must run into local guidelines for edifice construction and insularity evaluation and the usage of non-toxic edifice stuffs merely for building, no methanal incorporating stuffs will be permitted for usage in freshly constructed commercial edifices and places.6. When edifice licenses are issued to new appliers, provide information on how to construct energy efficient constructions, and the usage of non-toxic edifice stuf fs for building.7. All new edifice license appliers will be required to subject a edifice program and certification of any energy salvaging stuffs to be used in the building of all new edifices, such as the installing of solar panels, type of and evaluation of insularity to be used, window glazing, methods to cut down land use and harm such as the glade of trees and disposal of fresh landscape gardening stuffs, and type of warming and chilling system to be utilise within the construction.8. Promote local Bankss and loaners to supply hard currency inducements and loans for the building of energy efficient and compliant places and commercial constructions.9. Encourage contractors to plan edifices to suit solar panels, even if they are non installed at the clip of building so easy application of solar panels at a ulterior clip can be attained.10. Use financess from recycling mulcts and edifice codification misde believeors to advance the research and development of renewable energy re sources such as, but non limited to, solar power to extend the commercial usage and handiness of renewable energy resources.11. Promote the usage of public transit, carpooling, and bike siting when executable.12. All attempts to keep and continue the environment and minimise the usage of non-renewable energy resources by citizens and environmentally sound patterns by contractors in the building of energy efficient edifices shall be sought at all times.13. Energy preservation and instruction should be made portion of all public school course of studies.14. Residents will be encouraged to utilize energy efficient redness and contraptions throughout their places, including high efficiency warming and chilling systems.Estimated Plan TimelineAll new metropolis regulations and edifice codification guidelines shall be obtained within 12 months, and the publicity of energy efficient patterns in place and commercial environments coupled with the research and development of renewable energy every bit good as its carrying into meet that is environmentally sound will be on-going and argus-eyed in attempt and executing of the above stated actions.Sustenance Plan Benefits and ChallengesThe route to a cleanup position agent and environmentally friendly energy beginning has its challenges and obstructions to get the better of. First, people must be co-operative and act as active participants in the attempt to conserve our natural resources, right down to their energy wonts in their mundane lives every bit good as obtaining the attempts of authorities and local functionaries to name for action and ordinances sing the current usage of unrenewable energy resources, and to the publicity and development of new alternate beginnings of energy that are cleaner and safer for the environment.Such attempts are non without benefits nevertheless, and the environment is one of the most of import long term issues we face today and it is of import that we do what we need to make now to c ontinue the environment and the resources that are still left so that we can prolong ourselves in the hereafter. Reducing energy ingestion will cut down pollution and conserve the resources from which it comes like oil, coal, and natural gas, and most significantly taking these steps now ensures a sustainable hereafter for non merely us, but those who will inherit the Earth from us long after we are gone. Conserving our resources now benefits the environment and all people who will populate here after us and will doubtless go on to happen ways to deduce energy from clean and renewable beginnings that will someday be independent of fossil fuels wholly.Support for Energy conservationTo make the research necessary to convey renewable energy into mainstream position is traveling to necessitate assert from federal and local authoritiess such as support for and publicity of these resources. Society will necessitate to step up and lead by illustration by using renewable energy resources while forcing their boyfriend citizens to make the same, while controling their current usage of energy by exerting patterns and doing lifestyle alterations that cut down energy ingestion and reduces pollution as a consequence. Global support could include but is non limited to fiscal aid for energy research, sharing proven techniques with other states that work, learning others how to construct energy efficient constructions and develop renewable energy engineering such as solar panels and big turbines for air current farms. Action and the formation of organisations that monitor and promote energy preservation in their ain communities will be necessary to guarantee that energy programs and ordinances are followed decently, and to raise public consciousness of environmental issues so that everyone can be involved in conserving energy and support for developing schemes for renewable energy across the board, both financially through contributions from the populace for renewable energ y research, and through illustrations set by persons using responsible energy ingestion patterns in their ain metropoliss and towns.In visible radiation of modern environmental issues it merely makes star to conserve unrenewable energy resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas today and hunt for and develop renewable energy resources such as air current and solar power for a cleaner and more efficient tomorrow. It will take single and community attempt, and support from authoritiess worldwide to accomplish the last-ditch end, to someday hold an infinite copiousness of renewable energy, and be free of our dependance on fossil fuels everlastingly.Energy Conservation Tips & A FactsQuick Tipsa? The mean house uses 38 per centum of its entire one-year energy usage on warming.a? When a house is occupied, the thermoregulator should be set at 68 F for maximal energy efficiency.a? Install a cardinal air conditioning system merely when whole house air conditioning is needed.a? A Sun tem pered super insulated place utilizations inactive solar design constructs with ace insularity building techniques.a? sub aging contraptions with newer energy efficient ENERGY STAR theoretical accounts.Beginning ( Tremblay, K, 2010 ) .Facts about energy preservation, planetary heating and clime alterationHarmonizing to Nasa 2005 was the hottest twelvemonth of all time recordedThere has been a steady addition in both the strength and continuance of hurricanes and tropical storms since the 1970 sOver the past century, mean planetary temperatures have risen by 0.74ACThe 10 warmest old ages on record have all been since 1990. Six of the 10 warmest old ages on record in the UK were between 1995 and 2004The rise in planetary temperatures besides causes implosion therapy. The figure of people affected by inundations worldwide has already risen from or so 7 million in the 1960 s to 150 million today.Beginning ( Energy Conservation, 2008 ) .