The Irregular Latin Verb Sum To Be

The Latin word sum is perhaps among the best known of all the Latin verbs and it is among the hardest to learn. Sum is the present indicative tense of the verb esse, meaning to be. As with many other living and dead languages, esse is one of the oldest verb forms in Latin, one of the most frequently used of the verbs, and one of the most irregular verbs in Latin and related languages. It is also often contracted in casual use (such as in English Im, thats, theyre, hes), so that the verb is almost invisible to the listener. Etymology The progenitor form of to be is in the Proto-Indo-European  (PIE) language, the parent language of Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, Iranian, Germanic, and indeed most of the languages spoken in all of Europe, India, and Iran. Each of the PIE languages has a form of to be, perhaps because it is so eminently useful: sometimes to be can have an existential significance (To be or not to be, I think therefore I am), but also retains its use in everyday language. In etymological circles, to be is the b-root word, and like all of the b-roots probably is derived from an ancient PIE root, today reconstructed as *h1à ©s-mi (I am). It is also possible that to be in Latin derives from the root word *bhuH- meaning to grow.  Other closely related words to esse are asmi  in Sanskrit and eÃ… ¡mi in Hittite. Conjugating Sum Mood Tense Person Singular Plural indicative Present First sum sumus Second es estis Third est sunt Imperfect First eram eramus Second eras eratis Third erat erant Future First ero erimus Second eris eritis Third erit erunt Perfect First fui fuimus Second fuisti fuistis Third fuit fuerunt Pluperfect First fueram fueramus Second fueras fueratis Third fuera fuerant Future Perfect First fuero fuerimu Second fueris fueritis Third fuerit fuerint Subjunctive Present First sim simus Second sit sitis Third sit sint Imperfect First essem essemus Second esses essetis Third esset essent Perfect First fuerim fuerimus Second fueris fueritis Third fuerit fuerint Pluperfect First fuissem fuissemus Second fuisses fuissetis Third fuisset fuissent Irregular Verbs and Compounds There are several other Latin irregular verbs and compound verbs formed from sum. Eo - to go Fio - to become nolo, nolle, nolui - 'to be unwilling' and malo, malle, malui 'to prefer' are similar. Volo - to wish Fero - to carry Sum - to becompounds: adsum, desum, insum, intersum, praesum, obsum, prosum, subsum, supersum Do - to give Edo - to eat Sources Moreland, Floyd L., and Fleischer, Rita M. Latin: An Intensive Course. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.Traupman, John C. The Bantam New College Latin English Dictionary. Third Edition. New York: Bantam Dell, 2007.

E Commerce Online Shopping - 1409 Words

Unit 8 – E-Commerce Online shopping has caused many changes economically and socially. The rapid rise of online stores has caused changed for current stores to move to e-retail to reach a wider audience and to save money on things like renting out a building to set up. Now that most stores have a store to visit and an online store, it’s become much easier to distribute their products to a wider audience. Some people could be unable to leave their homes (due to disabilities and/or other issues), so it’s much useful when a particular store also has an online store. It also helps if there aren’t any physical stores around a particular area or if the store ships internationally, they can just order online and have it arrive. In addition, some stores even have some products and items that aren’t even sold in physical stores, and are only exclusive to their own online store. Because of reasons like that, more people are drawn to shop online as it gives people access to every single product they have on sale, and the customers don’t have to spend time travelling to reach a store, when they can browse for however as long as they like in the comfort of their own home. Bricks and clicks is a jargon term for a company or business who use online and physical outlets such as HMV, Argos and Tesco’s. Brick stores are businesses and companies who only have an exclusive psychical store, and don’t have a website for customers to access. The reason why they’re referred to as ‘bricks’ isShow MoreRelatedContent Marketing : Online Shopping ( E Commerce )2002 Words   |  9 Pagesmany companies launched a company website to promote their goods and services. These websites were mainly static with content never being updated thus doing very little to generate business or keep customers engaged. With the launch of online shopping (e-commerce) and a move towards buying from the comfort of one’s home, buyers’ required descriptive copy to be written for items they wanted to purchase. With the introduction of search engines, in particular, Google, these enabled searchers to quicklyRead MoreImpact Of Electronic Commerce On Physical Stores891 Words   |  4 Pageselectronic commerce to physical stores, it is necessary to look at e-commerce development brought opportunities and challenges on physical stores. In order to obtain real results, first of all, There is a comparison e-commerce and physical stores, And then analyze the electronic commerce brought opportunities and challenges on physical stores. Advantages of electronic commerce With the accelerated pace of life, some people do not have much time to go shopping, but they have shopping needs. InRead MoreElectronic Commerce And E Commerce1452 Words   |  6 PagesE-commerce Definition Electronic commerce or e-commerce is a term for any type of business, or commercial transaction, which involves the transfer of information across the Internet. It is often associated exclusively with online consumer shopping, but the term extends beyond that category. Additional businesses covered under the umbrella of e-commerce includes online auction sites, such as EBay, and businesses that exchange both goods and services.[3] History The history of e-commerce is oftenRead MoreE Commerce, B2b And B2c1301 Words   |  6 PagesI. Introduces the E-commerce, B2B and B2C 1. E-commerce E-commerce stands for Electronic commerce and it is the process of buying, selling or exchanging products, service or information across the Internet. E-commerce not only buying and selling of products and service, but also servicing customer, collaborating with business partners, and conducting electronic transactions within an organisation. 2. B2B e-commerce B2B stands for Business-to-Business, which is the transactions between businessesRead MoreDisadvantages Of E Commerce1457 Words   |  6 PagesThanks to development technology, e-commerce, which has revolutionized nearly every industry in the world has become more and more popular and effect on a business and people (Bandyo-Padhyay, N. 2002). According to Bandyo-Padhyay. N (2002), it is a trendy expression that web based business performed in the right on time to the center of the 1990s and quickly turned into a typical term in the business and scholastic world. Internet business (Electronic trade) implies working business electronicallyRead MoreOverview of Electronic Commerce in China Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pages3.2 Overview of Electronic Commerce in China 3.2.1 Internet in China In September 1987, the Chinese Academic Network built the first domestic Internet e-mail node and sent out the first e-mail from China. The universities were the first Chinese institutions to connect to the Internet. In 1990, a number of Chinese universities and educational institute including the Ministry of Education were connected. But substantial growth of Internet was not occurred until year 1994, when the National ComputingRead MoreThe Social Impact of E-Commerce1176 Words   |  5 PagesUse of e-commerce has increased massively since it was first introduced to the general public. Nowadays customers like to do their shopping at their own comfort peacefully at home. E-commerce allows the customer to do this as products are displayed and described to the user before the purchase has been made. However this boost in e-commerce has affected the society both positively and negatively. Changing Customer Perspectives When it comes to making purchases online customers straight away thinkRead MoreIntegrating Search Engines With E Commerce1695 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing done online through websites. Online shopping is taking the lead as people are seeking or rendering online service and products since it is more secure and simpler compared to physical shopping. As an E-marketing and E-commerce expert, it is important to design, develop and maintain a Bunker Books website that includes a sophisticated shopping cart system, payment systems over the internet, end solutions that will add value to other components of E-commerce that includes online marketing. TheRead MoreEssay On E-Commerce Trends734 Words   |  3 Pages2017 e-commerce-trends-in-2017 Finally, 2017 is here, so what exactly your e-commerce growth plans are and what e-commerce trends do you need to stay on top of? Are you planning to expand the product categories, revamping or redesigning your website or going international? Whatever the plans are, keep in mind there are some of the biggest e-commerce trends we are going to expect in 2017. Let’s read on to find out some trendy e-commerce tricks for online merchants to build a user-friendly e-commerceRead MoreBackground. Today, People Are Engaging In E-Commerce More1742 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Today, people are engaging in e-commerce more than ever. Traditionally American consumers shopped exclusively in local businesses and specialty mom and pop stores. These stores are essentially smaller, independently owned and operated businesses that have little influence on the market. Small businesses occupy several areas of business including retail, services, wholesaling and manufacturing. The growing acceptance of the Internet and e-commerce in the early 1990’s changed the way people

The Hunters Moonsong Chapter Nineteen Free Essays

string(40) " out on different parts of the picture\." Nobody was going to lie to Elena Gilbert and get away with it. Elena marched along the path to the library, indignation keeping her head high and her steps sharp. So James thought he could pretend he didn’t remember anything about those V-shaped pins? The way his eyes had skipped away from hers, the faint flush of pink in his plump cheeks, everything about him had shouted that there was something there, some secret about him and her parents that he didn’t want to tel her. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Nineteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now If he wasn’t going to tel her, she would find out for herself. The library seemed like a logical place to start. â€Å"Elena,† a voice cal ed, and she stopped. She had been so focused on her mission that she had almost walked right by Damon, leaning against a tree outside the library. He smiled up at her with an innocently inquiring expression, his long legs stretched in front of him. â€Å"What are you doing here?† she said abruptly. It was so weird, just seeing him here in the daylight on campus, like he was part of one picture superimposed upon another. He didn’t belong in this part of her life, not unless she brought him in herself. â€Å"Enjoying the sunshine,† Damon said dryly. â€Å"And the scenery.† The wave of his hand encompassed the trees and buildings of the campus as Wellas a flock of pretty girls giggling on the other side of the path. â€Å"What are you doing here?† â€Å"I go to this school,† Elena said. â€Å"So it’s not weird for me to be hanging around the library. See my point?† Damon laughed. â€Å"You’ve discovered my secret, Elena,† he said, getting to his feet. â€Å"I was here hoping to see you. Or one of your little friends. I get so lonely, you know, even your Mutt would be a welcome distraction.† â€Å"Real y?† she asked. He shot her a look, his dark eyes amused. â€Å"Of course I always want to see you, princess. But I’m here for another reason. I’m supposed to be looking into the disappearances, remember? So I have to spend some time on the campus.† â€Å"Oh. Okay.† Elena considered her options. Official y, she shouldn’t be hanging around Damon at al . The terms of her breakup – or just break, she corrected herself – with Stefan were that she wasn’t going to see either of the Salvatore brothers, not until they worked out their own issues and this thing between the three of them had time to cool off. But she’d already violated that by letting Damon sleep on the floor of her room, a much bigger deal than going to the library together. â€Å"And what are you up to?† Damon asked her. â€Å"Anything I can assist with?† Real y, a trip to the library ought to be innocent enough. Elena made up her mind. She and Damon were supposed to be friends, after al . â€Å"I’m trying to find out some information about my parents,† she said. â€Å"Want to help?† â€Å"Certainly, my lovely,† Damon said, and took her hand. Elena felt a slight frisson of unease. But his fingers were reassuringly firm in hers, and she pushed her hesitation away. The ancient tennis-shoed librarian in charge of the archive room explained how to search the database of school records and got Elena and Damon set up in the corner on a computer. â€Å"Ugh,† Damon said, poking disdainful y at a key. â€Å"I don’t mind computers, but books and pictures ought to be real, not on a machine.† â€Å"But this way everyone can see them,† Elena said patiently. She’d had this kind of conversation with Stefan before. The Salvatore brothers might look col ege-aged, but there were some things about the modern world they just couldn’t seem to get their heads around. Elena clicked on the photo section of the database and typed in her mother’s name, Elizabeth Morrow. â€Å"Look, there are a bunch of pictures.† She scanned through them, looking for the one that she had seen hanging in the hal . She saw a lot of cast and crew pictures from various theatrical productions. James had told her that her mother was a star on the design side, but it looked like she was in some productions, too. In one, Elena’s mother was dancing, her head flung back, her hair going everywhere. â€Å"She looks like you.† Damon was contemplating the picture, his head tilted to one side, dark eyes intent. â€Å"Softer here, though, around the mouth† – one long finger gestured – â€Å"and her face is more innocent than yours.† His mouth twisted teasingly, and he shot a sidelong glance at Elena. â€Å"A nicer girl than you, I’d guess.† â€Å"I’m nice,† Elena said, hurt, and quickly clicked on to find the picture she was looking for. â€Å"You’re too clever to be nice, Elena,† Damon said, but Elena was barely listening. â€Å"Here we are,† she said. The photograph was just as she remembered it: James and her parents under a tree, eager and impossibly young. Elena zoomed in on the image, focusing on the pin on her father’s shirt. Definitely a V. It was blue, a deep dark blue, she could see that now, the same shade as the lapis lazuli rings Damon and Stefan wore to protect themselves from sunlight. â€Å"I’ve seen one of those pins before,† Damon said abruptly. He frowned. â€Å"I don’t remember where, though. Sorry.† â€Å"You’ve seen it recently?† Elena asked, but Damon just shrugged. â€Å"James said my mother made the pins for al of them,† she said, zooming closer so that al she could see on the screen was the grainy image of the V. â€Å"I don’t believe him, though. She didn’t make jewelry, that wasn’t her kind of thing. And it doesn’t look handmade, not unless it was made by someone with an actual jewelry studio. That’s some kind of enameling on the V, I think.† She typed V in the search engine, but it came back with nothing. â€Å"I wish I knew what it stood for.† With another graceful one-shouldered shrug, Damon reached for the mouse and zoomed in and out on different parts of the picture. You read "The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Nineteen" in category "Essay examples" Behind them, the librarian thunked a book down, and Elena glanced back at her to find the woman’s eyes fixed on them with disconcerting intensity. Her mouth tightened as her eyes met Elena’s, and she looked away, walking a little farther along the aisle. But Elena was left with the creepy feeling that the librarian was stil watching and listening to them. She turned to whisper something to Damon about it but was caught again by the sheer unexpectedness of him, of him here. He just didn’t fit in the drab and ordinary library computer station – it was like finding a wild animal curled up on your desk. Like a dark angel fixing oatmeal in your kitchen. Had she ever seen him under fluorescent lights before? Something about the lighting brought out the clean paleness of his skin, cast long shadows along his cheekbones, and fel without reflection into the black velvet of his hair and eyes. A couple of buttons on the col ar of his shirt were undone, and Elena found herself almost mesmerized by the subtle shifts of the long muscles in his neck and shoulders. â€Å"What would a Vital Society be?† he asked suddenly, breaking her out of her reverie. â€Å"What?† she asked, confused. â€Å"What are you talking about?† Damon clicked the mouse and shifted the zoom, focusing this time on the notebook in her mother’s lap. Her mother’s hands – pretty hands, Elena noticed, prettier than her own, which had slightly crooked pinkies – were splayed over the open book, but between the fingers, Elena could read: Vit l Soci y â€Å"I assume that’s what it says,† Damon said, shrugging. â€Å"Since you’re looking for something that starts with V. It could say something else of course. Vital Social y, maybe? Was your mother a social queen bee like you?† Elena ignored the question. â€Å"The Vitale Society,† she said slowly. â€Å"I always thought it was a myth.† â€Å"Leave the Vitale Society alone.† The hiss came from behind them, and Elena whipped around. The librarian seemed curiously impressive framed against the bookshelves despite her tennis shoes and pastel sweater set. Her hawklike face was tense and focused on Elena, her body tal and, Elena felt instinctively, threatening. â€Å"What do you mean?† Elena asked. â€Å"Do you know something about them?† Confronted by a direct question, the woman seemed to shrink from the almost menacing figure she had been a second before to an ordinary, slightly dithering old lady. â€Å"I don’t know anything,† she muttered, frowning. â€Å"Al I can say is that it’s not safe to mess with the Vitales. Things happen around them. Even if you’re careful.† She started to wheel her book cart away. â€Å"Wait!† Elena said, half rising. â€Å"What kind of things?† What had her parents been involved in? They wouldn’t have done anything wrong, would they? Not Elena’s parents. But the librarian only walked faster, the wheels of her cart squeaking as she rounded the corner into another aisle. Damon gave a low laugh. â€Å"She won’t tel you anything,† he said, and Elena glared at him. â€Å"She doesn’t know anything, or she’s too scared to say what she does know.† â€Å"That’s not helpful, Damon,† Elena said tightly. She pressed her fingers against her temples. â€Å"What do we do now?† â€Å"We look into the Vitale Society, of course,† Damon said. Elena opened her mouth to object, and Damon shushed her, drawing one cool finger over her mouth. His touch was soft on her lips, and she half raised a hand toward them. â€Å"Don’t worry about what a foolish old woman has to say,† he told her. â€Å"But if we real y want to find out the secrets of this society of yours, we probably need to look somewhere other than the library.† He got to his feet and held out his hand. â€Å"Shal we?† he asked. Elena nodded and took his hand in hers. When it came to finding out secrets, to digging up what people wanted to keep concealed, she knew she could put her faith in Damon. â€Å"Pick up, Zander,† Bonnie muttered into the phone. The ringing stopped, and a precise mechanical voice informed her that she was welcome to leave a message in the voice mailbox. Bonnie hung up. She had already left a couple of voicemails, and she didn’t want Zander thinking she was any crazier or more clueless than he inevitably would when he saw his missed-cal list. Bonnie was pretty sure she was going through the Five Stages of Being Ditched. She was almost done with Denial, where she was convinced something had happened to him, and was moving quickly into Anger. Later, she knew, she would slide into Bargaining, Depression, and eventual y (she hoped) Acceptance. Apparently her psych class was already coming in handy. It had been days since he had abruptly run off, leaving her al alone in front of the music building. When she found out that a girl disappeared that same night, at first Bonnie was angry and scared for herself. Zander had left her alone. What if Bonnie had been the one to vanish? Then she began to worry about Zander, to be afraid that he was in trouble. He seemed so sweet, and so into her, that it was almost impossible for her to believe Zander would just be avoiding her al of a sudden. Wouldn’t his friends have sounded the alarm if Zander was missing, though? And when she thought that, Bonnie realized that she didn’t know how to contact any of those guys; she hadn’t seen any of them around campus since that night. Bonnie stared at her phone as fresh tendrils of worry grew and twisted inside her. Real y, she was having a very tough time moving on to Anger when she was stil not quite sure that Zander was safe. The phone rang. Zander. It was Zander. Bonnie snatched up her phone. â€Å"Where have you been?† she demanded, her voice shaking. There was a long pause on the other end of the line. Bonnie was almost ready to hang up when Zander final y spoke. â€Å"I’m so sorry,† he said. â€Å"I didn’t mean to freak you out. Some family stuff came up, and I’ve had to be out of touch. I’m back now.† Bonnie knew that Elena or Meredith would have said something pithy and cutting here, something to let Zander know exactly how little they appreciated being forgotten about, but she couldn’t bring herself to. Zander sounded rough and tired, and there was a break in his voice when he said he was sorry that made her want to forgive him. â€Å"You left me outside alone,† she said softly. â€Å"A girl disappeared that night.† Zander sighed, a long sad sound. â€Å"I’m sorry,† he said again. â€Å"It was an awful thing to do. But I knew you would be okay. You have to believe that. I wouldn’t have left you in danger.† â€Å"How?† Bonnie asked. â€Å"How could you know?† â€Å"Just trust me, Bonnie,† Zander said. â€Å"I can’t explain it now, but you weren’t in danger that night. I’l tel you about it when I can, okay?† Bonnie shut her eyes and bit her lip. Elena and Meredith would never have settled for this kind of half explanation, she knew. Not even half an explanation, just an apology and an evasion. But she wasn’t like them, and Zander sounded sincere, so desperate for her to believe him. It was her choice, she knew: trust him, or let him go. â€Å"Okay,† she said. â€Å"Okay, I believe you.† Zander let out another sigh, but it sounded like one of relief this time. â€Å"Let me make it up to you,† he said. â€Å"Please? How about I take you out this weekend, anywhere you want to go?† Bonnie hesitated, but she was starting to smile despite herself. â€Å"There’s a party at Samantha’s dorm on Saturday,† she said. â€Å"Want to meet there at nine?† â€Å"There’s something peculiar going on at the library,† Damon said, and Stefan twitched in surprise at his sudden appearance. â€Å"I didn’t see you there,† he said mildly, looking out onto his dark balcony, where Damon leaned against the railing. â€Å"I just landed,† Damon said, and smiled. â€Å"Literal y. I’ve been flying around campus, checking things out. It’s a wonderful feeling, riding the breezes as the sun sets. You should try it.† Stefan nodded, keeping his face neutral. They both knew that one of the few things Stefan envied about Damon was his ability to change into a bird. It wasn’t worth it, though – he would have to drink human blood regularly to have Power as strong as Damon’s. Elena’s face rose up in his mind’s eye, and he pushed her image away. She was his salvation, the one who connected him to the world of humans, who kept him from sinking into the darkness. Believing that their separation was only temporary was what was keeping him going. â€Å"Don’t you miss Elena?† Stefan asked, and Damon’s face immediately closed off, becoming hard and blank. Stefan sighed inwardly. Of course Damon didn’t miss Elena, because he was undoubtedly seeing her al the time. He’d known Damon wouldn’t abide by the rules. â€Å"What’s the matter?† Damon asked him. His voice was almost concerned, and Stefan wondered what his own face looked like to get that kind of reaction from Damon. Damon who had probably just seen Elena. â€Å"Sometimes I’m a fool,† Stefan told him dryly. â€Å"What do you want, Damon?† Damon smiled. â€Å"I want you to come do some detective work with me, little brother. Real y, anything’s better than seeing this sulking, forehead-wrinkling brooding expression on your face.† Stefan shrugged. â€Å"Why not?† Stefan leaped down from the balcony with perfect grace, and Damon fol owed swiftly behind. As Damon led the way to their destination, he fil ed Stefan in on the details. Or rather, the vague scenario Stefan could gather from Damon’s explanation. Damon never was one for ful disclosure. Al Stefan knew was that some research at the library had prompted a sketchy warning from an old librarian. Stefan inwardly chuckled at the thought of a frail old woman squaring against Damon over library fines. â€Å"What were you looking at?† Stefan asked, trying to get any more substantial information. â€Å"What did she want you to stay away from?† He shifted on the rough branch of the oak tree they were both sitting on, trying to get comfortable. Damon had a habit of sitting in trees, Stefan realized. It must be a side effect of spending so much time as a bird. They were on a stakeout outside the librarian’s home, but what exactly they were looking for, Stefan wasn’t sure. â€Å"Just some old photographs from the school’s history,† Damon said. â€Å"It doesn’t matter. I just want to make sure she’s human.† He peered through the window nearest their tree, where an elderly woman was sipping tea and watching television. Stefan noted with irritation that Damon seemed a lot more at ease in the tree than Stefan did. He was leaning forward, resting graceful y on one knee, and Stefan could sense his sending questing strands of Power at the woman, trying to find out whether there was anything unusual about her. His balance seemed awful y precarious, and he was completely focused on the old woman. Stefan inched toward Damon on the branch, stretched out a hand, and suddenly shoved him. It was extremely satisfying. Damon, his composure shaken for once, let out a muffled yelp and fel out of the tree. In midair, he turned into a crow and flew back up, perching on a branch above Stefan and eyeing him with a baleful glare. Damon cawed his annoyance at Stefan loudly. Stefan glanced through the window again. The woman didn’t seem to have heard Damon’s shout or the crow’s caw – she was just flipping channels. When he looked back at Damon, his brother had regained his usual form. â€Å"I would think playing a trick like that would go against your precious moral code,† Damon said, fastidiously smoothing his hair. â€Å"Not real y,† Stefan said, grinning. â€Å"I couldn’t help myself.† Damon shrugged, seeming to accept Stefan’s playfulness as good-natured, and looked through the librarian’s window again. She had gotten up to make herself another cup of tea. â€Å"Did you sense anything from her?† Stefan asked. Damon shook his head. â€Å"Either she’s bril iantly hiding her true nature from us or she’s just a peculiar librarian.† He pushed himself off the branch and leaped, landing lightly on the grass far below. Either way, I’ve had enough, he added silently. Stefan fol owed him, landing beside Damon at the bottom of the tree. â€Å"You didn’t need me for any of that, Damon,† he said. â€Å"Why did you ask me to come with you?† Damon’s smile was bril iant in the darkness. â€Å"I just thought you could use some cheering up,† he said simply. Clearly, it wasn’t the librarian Stefan should be worried about acting peculiarly. How to cite The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Nineteen, Essay examples

Discussion Questions free essay sample

The Classical management theory made a great impact to what management is today. One very important contribution of the classical management theory was to emphasize the importance of management as a key element to an organized society. Classical management theory also took the time to identify the process and functions in management. Also the classical approach left us management techniques such as time and motion analysis, work simplification, incentive wage systems, personnel testing and budgeting, these techniques are still being used today. The classical management theory made great contribution to management but it could have been better. Classical theorist never contemplated what today are known as contemporary organizations. Critics argue that classical organizational theory and scientific management are better suitable for the past. Peter Drucker was educated as a lawyer and worked as a journalist in Germany. Although Drucker was an influence to contemporary management he emphasized the importance of managers in organizational societies, just like the classical management theory did. We will write a custom essay sample on Discussion Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Drucker’s central issue was how best to manage a business so that is successful over time. Drucker considered the present era of management to be a period of transformation and the organization must be structured in such way as to be able to accommodate constant changes. He suggested continuous improvement, exploit knowledge and innovation to be able to stay abreast of changes. Michael Porter was a Harvard Business School professor of industrial organization and a consultant. He was one of the first contemporary scholars to apply traditional economic thinking to management problems. Porter believed that competitive advantage could be used for strategic planning. Strategic planning was something developed with classical management theory and is now key in contemporary management. In an effort to explain corporate strategy in relation to competitive marketplace Porter identified four generic strategies: cost leadership, differentiation, cost focus, and focused differentiation. Porter’s approach in contemporary management allows managers to see the big picture and the way it affects the organization and its changing environment. Both Drucker and Porter took something from the past â€Å"classical management theory† to benefit from it and added something of their own to contemporary management.